TEE701: SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION Unit I: Introduction to power system: Introduction to protective system and its elements, function of protective relaying, protective zones, primary and backup protection, desirable qualities of protective relaying, basic terminology. Relays: Electromagnetic, attraction and induction type relays, thermal relay, gas actuated relay. Unit II: Relay Applications and characteristics: Amplitude and phase comparators, over current relays, directional relays, distance relays, differential relays. Static relays: Comparison with electromagnetic relays, classification and their description, over current relays, directional relays, distance relays, differential relays.

Unit III: Protection of transmission line: Time graded protection, differential and distance protection of feeders, choice between impedance, reactance and MHO relays, Elementary idea about carrier current protection of lines, protection of bus, auto reclosing, pilot wire protection. Unit IV: Circuit Braking: Arc phenomenon, properties of arc, arc extinction theories, recovery voltage and restriking voltage, current chopping, resistance switching, capacitance current interruption, circuit breaker ratings. Testing of circuit breakers: Classification, testing station & equipments, testing procedure, direct and indirect testing. Unit V: Apparatus protection: Types of faults on alternator, stator and rotor protection, negative sequence protection, loss of excitation and overload protection. Types of fault on transformers, percentage differential protection, isolated neutral system, grounded neutral system and selection of neutral grounding. Circuit breakers: Need of circuit breakers, types of circuit breakers, operating modes, principles of construction, details of Air Blast, Bulk Oil, Minimum Oil, SF6, Vacuum Circuit Breakers, DC circuit breakers.

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Text Books: 1. Switchgear and protection Sunil S.

Rao, Khanna Publishers Power System Engg. Soni Gupta & Bhatnagar, Dhanpat Rai & Sons A course in Electrical Power, C.L. Wadhawa, New Age International Power system protection and switchgear, B.

Ram, Wiley Eastern Ltd. Reference Books: 1. Power system protection & switchgear, Badriram & D.V. Vishwakarma, TMH 2.

Switchgear & Protection, M.V. Deshpande, TMH TEE702: ANN AND FUZZY LOGIC Unit-I Neural Networks-1(Introduction & Architecture): Neuron, Nerve structure and synapse, Artificial Neuron and its model, activation functions, Neural network architecture: single layer and multilayer feed forward networks, recurrent networks. Various learning techniques; perception and convergence rule, Auto-associative and hetro-associative memory Unit-II Neural Networks-II (Back propogation networks): Architecture: perceptron model, solution, single layer artificial neural network, multilayer perception model; back propogation learning methods, effect of learning rule co-efficient;back propogation algorithm, factors affecting back propagation training, applications. Unit-III Fuzzy Logic-I (Introduction): Basic concepts of fuzzy logic, Fuzzy sets and Crisp sets, Fuzzy set theory versus probability theory, Fuzzy set theory and operations, Properties of fuzzy sets, Fuzzy and Crisp relations, Fuzzy to Crisp conversion. Unit-IV Fuzzy Logic –II (Fuzzy Membership, Rules): Membership functions, interference in fuzzy logic, fuzzy if-then rules, Fuzzy implications and Fuzzy algorithms, Fuzzyfications & Defuzzifications, Fuzzy Controller, Unit-V Application of Neural Network and Fuzzy logic: Application of neural network, case study, Inverted pendulum, Image processing. Introduction to neuro & fuzzy logic controller.

Text Books: 1. Kumar Satish, “Neural Networks” Tata Mc Graw Hill 2. Zurada, ‘Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems’, Jaico Publishing home, 2002. Rajsekaran & G.A. Vijayalakshmi Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm: Synthesis and Applications” Prentice Hall of India.

Reference Books: 1. Siman Haykin,”Neural Networks ”Prentice Hall of India. Moore, Digital control devices, ISA press, 1986. Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications” Wiley India. TEE703: FACTS DEVICES Unit I: FACTS: Concept, power flow and stability, basic theory of line compensation Power Electronic Controllers: Review of PWM voltage source inverters used in FACTS, classifications of FACTS controllers.

Unit II: Static Shunt Compensators: SVC and STATCOM - TCR, TSC, system stability. Static Series Compensators: GCSC, TSSC, TCSC and SSSC, control techniques. Unit III: Static Voltage and Phase Angle Regulators: Power flow control, TCVR and TCPAR. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC): Concept of power flow control, operation control of UPFC, Interline Power Flow Controller. And Unit IV: Stability Analysis: Modeling of FACTS devices, optimization of FACTS, transient and dynamic stability enhancement Unit V: Applications of FACTS controller: Principle of control of FACTS in HVDC links, coordination of FACTS devices with HVDC links, case study.